India occupies 2.4% of the world's land area and supports over 17.5% of the world's population. India has more arable land area than any country except the United States, and more water area than any country except Canada and the United States.

India is the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.18 billion people, more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.31% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing China.

India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% hovers below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should be just over 0.4.